Contributions of Proximate Determinants to Fertility Transition in Bangladesh: An Analysis of Bongaarts’ Fertility Model

The Proximate Determinants during the Fertility Transition

Fertility has declined very markedly in the majority of developing countries over the past thirty to forty years, and it continues to decline almost everywhere. As a result, fertility has reached very low levels in many countries. In addition, currently more than 40 per cent of the world’s population lives in countries with total fertility levels lower than 2.1 children per woman, the level tha...

Below-Replacement Fertility in India: An Analysis of the Proximate Determinants of Low Fertility

Proximate determinants of fertility and reproductive health

The dramatic decline in mortality rates during the nineteenth century put the countries of the world into an imbalanced stage of demographic transition. Developed societies adopted fertility control methods and achieved a balance in their annual rate of population growth, whilst developing countries and traditional societies are still confronted with the following serious hazards: 1. Poor healt...

Contraception and fertility transition in AMHARA National Regional State of ETHIOPIA: an application of BONGAARTS’ model

BACKGROUND The overall decline of fertility in Amhara National Regional State between 2000 and 2011 was the highest in Ethiopia. The aim of the present study was to determine the most significant proximate determinant of fertility change during the last decade in the region using Bongaarts' model. METHODS The sources of data were the 2000, 2005, and 2011 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey...